7.09 Nested try-catch, Exception Slicing during Rethrow & RTOS Fault Escalation

#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
using namespace std;

void processPositive(int num);
void doSomething(int num);

int main() {

	int input;

	try {
		cout << "Enter a number to process!" << endl;
		cin >> input;

		doSomething(input);
		cout << "Yay!  main was able to completely process the num!" << endl;
	}
	catch (const invalid_argument& err) {
		cout << "main says there is an error!" << endl;
		cout << err.what() << endl;
	}
	catch (const out_of_range& err) {
		cout << "main says the number is too big!" << endl;
		cout << err.what() << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}


void processPositive(int num) {
	cout << "Welcome to the positive integer processor!" << endl;

	if (num > 100) {
		cout << "processPositive says the number is too big!" << endl;
		throw out_of_range("Number cannot be greater than 100");
	}
	else if (num >= 0) {
		cout << "Good job!  You passed in a positive num to processPositive!" << endl;
	}
	else {
		throw invalid_argument("Negative number passed in!");
	}
}

void doSomething(int num) {
	try {
		processPositive(num);
		cout << "Yay!  doSomething could process the num!" << endl;
	}
	catch (const invalid_argument& err) {
		cout << "doSomething says there is a problem!" << endl;
		throw;
	}
	catch (const out_of_range& err) {
		cout << "doSomething says the number is too big!" << endl;
		throw;
	}
}